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Some industrial and commercial buildings can reach heights of more than 60 stories. Apparently, when these buildings are being constructed, they require equally tall cranes to transport the materials to the upper floors. There are cranes that have their own vehicle connected or other types which are operated from the back of trucks. Tower cranes are the biggest ones on the market.
Tower cranes are the stand-alone structures which are usually found on high-rise building projects. Normally, they are part of a major city's downtown skyline. When new construction like for example skyscrapers or apartment buildings and commercial facilities like shopping center are being constructed, chances are a crane would be on site.
Kinds
There are two different kinds of cranes: jib crane of the boom crane. The jib is a metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal when it carries things. On a luffing type of tower crane, the jib can ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both types could vary from 30,000 lbs. to 10,000 pounds
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame that is a combination of separate parts. So as to increase the overall height of the equipment, sections are added. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, that is a small room which has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The operator of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane utilizes a braided metal cord to be able to lift materials. This cord extends out from a motor situated near the control module to the end of the jib or boom. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib which holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from toppling over when heavy materials are lifted.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a specific type of mobile crane. These cranes use hydraulics and could lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics uses forces being transmitted through oil pushing on the pistons of the boom in opposite directions in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are essential in building major projects like airports, bridges, roadways and buildings. A crane can accomplish in minutes jobs which will normally take hundreds of men and lots of hours to complete.
The vast machinery are normally utilized in the building of cities, homes, whole nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were probably constructed with the help of basic cranes to enable the heaviest supplies in one of the most amazing construction projects ever.
The very first representation of a crane was showcased during the reign of King Ramses in Egypt during 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting device that was used to collect water. The very first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These mechanism were utilized to create an entire nation during the 5th century B.C.
These cranes were initially made out of wood. The designs of cranes began to change when dockyards started to require stronger and bigger machines. Hick & Rothwell developed the first cast iron cranes in Bolton, England, during 1834. This equipment can lift up to 2 tons. That same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane stronger and more durable. This addition allowed cranes to have a larger capacity for lifting heavy weights.
Ultimately, the wire ropes were weaved together in order to form an even more powerful strength. This wire formation also brought the added benefit of flexibility. 4 years later, Germany began to build cast iron cranes. The very first cast iron crane built by Germany was built in Neuburg.
