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One of the key basic discussions with lift trucks is taking into consideration the stability triangle and the center of gravity. Amongst the hardest things for a lift truck operator to determine is the importance of maintaining their center of gravity within their stability triangle.
The Stability Triangle
To describe it simply, a forklift has a 3-point suspension system. When imaginary lines are drawn between these three points, the stability triangle is formed. The operator has to ensure that the center of gravity, that is made, together with his load and the machine itself, remains within the stability triangle so as to guard against the forklift losing balance and tipping over.
Centers of Gravity
How is the center of gravity defined? When in regards to lift truck operation, we should be concerned not just with the load's center of gravity but as well with the combined center of gravity. This comprises the lift truck and the load it is picking up.
The load's center of gravity is defined as the load center. The load center could be more easily detected in a uniform load situation, like for instance a bale. A uniform load on a forty eight inch long pallet, for instance, will have the load center at twenty four inches. This is a common load center for a lot of lift trucks with smaller capacity. However, if a load is not centered correctly, such as with non-symmetrical things, maybe an engine for instance, then a lot of care and caution should be taken in order to estimate the center of gravity.
In addition, the lift truck has a center of gravity of its own. This shifts each time the lift truck carries a load. Once the load is raised, the center of gravity moves forward. Care has to be taken in order to maintain the center of gravity in the forklift's stability triangle. This occurs by following the numbers and not carrying over the maximum allowable, given the center of the load. What's more, the load center needs to be considered. Be aware that whenever raising the load, the load center also moves forward.
Forklifts or lift trucks are powered industrial trucks that are typically utilized in the transportation and lifting of supplies for different operations. These equipment are normally used within the construction, mining, warehousing, and dockside operations.
The forklift could be called by lots of different names, depending on their uses. Some different examples of these names are: trailer loaders, fork trucks, stacker trucks and lift trucks. These equipment are used all around the world, mainly within the warehousing and manufacturing business.
The very first forklifts made their debut in the mid 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, when they were used as part of the building of the 1906 Pennsylvania railroad. At that time, platform trucks were introduced to help in the transportation of products. These first platform trucks were battery powered. The trucks regained their popularity during the First World War when extreme labor shortages happened due to all the enlisted men. This is when forklifts truly arrived on the market to stay.
There are essentially 2 main types of forklift: those dealing with heavy loads and those which can handle light loads. The light units consist of: side loaders, towing tractors, hand pallet trucks and walkie starters. These machines are meant for handling lighter loads and they are not suitable for very heavy loads. The specific load capacity of the machinery is posted in the owner's manual and on the machinery itself. A few examples of the big truck types comprise: walkie order picking trucks, truck mounted forklifts and telescopic handlers.
